What
is Urbanization?
Urbanization is a term that refers to the migration of people from
rural areas to urban areas. It can also be defined as the number of people
leave rural areas and enlarging to live in cities or towns.
Urbanizations is considered to be very common in most developed or
developing countries however, it has harsh impacts as well.
Here are the causes, disadvantages of
Urbanization, and solutions to Urbanization
CAUSES
OF URBANIZATION:
1. Better
jobs:
This is the main and prime cause of urbanization people always try
to find greater opportunities to make better living standards, and for this
reason, they usually migrate to big cities to grab big opportunities.
2. Industrialization:
An industry a key role in the progress of a country. More and more
advanced industries are being constructed in urban areas, and more and more
people attract to get a job in an industry. Thus, people move from rural to
urban to acquire employment in the industrial sector.
3. Social
Services
The trend of social services has enormously increased in urban
areas. Education, health, security, and on and on, these facilities are only
available in cities and towns. People want to take a great benefit from those
social services. So, to get a better education and the best medical facilities
more and more people are encouraged to shift to towns and cities.
Disadvantages
of Urbanization:
1. Pollution:
As the number of people increases living in urban areas the more
pollution like land, air, noise, and water pollution will increase. There would
be certainly the risk of spreading deadly diseases as well.
2. Shortage of
Houses:
Due to urbanization, people migrate from rural to urban areas and
for living they undoubtedly need a house. If the population increase, the
shortage will also increase. For this reason, there will be deforestation or
cutting of many trees as more land will be required for accommodating more
people.
3. Unemployment:
An enormous ratio of unemployment rises in urban areas. In a
survey, it is shown that more than half of the youth portion is unemployed.
More people shift to cities fewer employment opportunities are being offered.
4. Crime
The rate of unemployment has given birth to various criminal
activities like rape, drug abuse, snatching, bank robberies, and so on. These
sorts of illegal activities have highly risen in urban areas. Many cases of
snatching, bank robbery, kidnapping, and rape are usually reported in urban
areas which create fear among people, and this is the reason for breaking the
peace of urban areas.
The
solutions to Urbanization:
1. Basic Facilities:
The main solution to prevent urbanization is the provision of
essential and basic facilities in rural areas. Those facilities which are
available in urban areas should be provided in rural areas too. In this way,
people will not think to migrate to urban areas.
2. Job Opportunities:
More and more job opportunities with proper salaries or fair wages
should be produced in rural areas, so people can avail those opportunities in
their respective areas. Through this solution, people do not need to get
employment in cities or towns.
